The University of Western Australia

By removing 5 autoplaying or preloaded videos, roughly 5.0 MB could be removed from the page load.

This would reduce the page transfer size by 56% and reduce the pages emissions from 2.07 grams of CO2 to 0.92 grams of CO2.

Autoplaying videos can have a negative impact on the user experience for several reasons:

1. Increased data usage: Autoplaying videos can consume a lot of data, especially if they are set to play in high definition. This can be a problem for users with limited data plans or slow connections, who may experience slow or interrupted playback.
2. Annoyance factor: Autoplaying videos can be annoying for users, especially if they are accompanied by sound. This can lead to a negative perception of the website and decreased engagement.
3. Reduced accessibility: Autoplaying videos can be a problem for users with accessibility needs, such as users who are blind or have hearing difficulties.
4. Increased page load time: Autoplaying videos can increase the overall page load time, leading to a slower user experience.
5. Decreased battery life: Autoplaying videos can consume a lot of battery power, especially on mobile devices, leading to reduced battery life.

In order to minimise the impact of autoplaying videos on the user experience, it is recommended to use them sparingly and only when necessary. It is also important to provide users with the option to turn off autoplaying videos and to allow them to control the playback of videos on the page. Additionally, videos should be optimised for performance and should be accompanied by captions or transcripts to improve accessibility.

By enabling text compression on 1 items, , roughly 18.7 KB could be removed from the page load.

By optimising the following images, roughly 394 KB could be removed from the transfer size, about 4%. This would reduce the CO2 generated per page load from 2.07g grams to 1.98 grams.

Images should be optimised for the web for several reasons:

1. Reduced file size: Optimizing images can result in a smaller file size, which can help to reduce the amount of data that needs to be downloaded. This can lead to faster page load times and improved performance.
2. Improved user experience: Optimising images can help to improve the overall user experience, as pages with optimised images load faster and are more responsive.
3. Lower emissions: Optimising images can help to reduce the emissions associated with data transfer, as less data needs to be transmitted over the network.
4. Better accessibility: Optimising images can make them more accessible to users with slower connections or limited data plans.

Font icons can have a negative impact on performance and emissions because they can increase the size of the page and the amount of data that needs to be downloaded. Some specific reasons why font icons can be bad for performance and emissions include:

1. Increased file size: Font icons are typically included as part of a web font, which can be a large file that needs to be downloaded. This can increase the overall size of the page, leading to slower load times and higher emissions.
2. Inefficient rendering: Web fonts are sometimes loaded and rendered inefficiently, which can result in slow performance and higher emissions.
3. Unused icons: Font icons often include a large number of icons that may not be used on a particular page, increasing the file size and leading to inefficient use of resources.

While icon fonts are still widely used on the web, and they can be a useful tool for adding icons to a website. it is a dated practice when there are better options such as SVG icons, which can be more efficient and have a lower impact on performance and emissions.

Fonts should be subsetted to reduce the file size, improve performance, and reduce emissions. Subsetting a font involves removing any characters that are not needed for a particular use case, resulting in a smaller file size and faster page load times. Some specific reasons why fonts should be subsetted include:

1. Reduced file size: Subsetting a font removes any unused characters, which can result in a smaller file size. This can help to reduce the amount of data that needs to be downloaded, leading to faster page load times and lower emissions.
2. Improved performance: Fonts that are subsetted are faster to load and render than fonts that are not subsetted. This can help to improve the overall performance of a website, leading to a better user experience.

Overall, subsetting fonts is a good practice for anyone looking to optimize the performance and reduce the emissions of a website of a website.

WOFF2 is considered to be the best font format for web use because it provides a good balance of file size and compatibility. Some specific reasons why WOFF2 is a good font format include:

1. Small file size: WOFF2 is a compressed font format, which means that it has a smaller file size compared to other font formats like TTF or OTF. This is important for web use because smaller file sizes can help to reduce the amount of data that needs to be downloaded, leading to faster page load times.
2. High-quality font rendering: WOFF2 provides high-quality font rendering, making it a good choice for use on the web.

It’s worth noting that WOFF2 is not the only font format that can be used on the web, and there may be cases where other formats like WOFF or TTF are more suitable, depending on the specific requirements of the website. However, for most cases, WOFF2 is considered to be the best font format for web use due to its combination of small file size, good browser support, and high-quality font rendering.

By removing 5 autoplaying or preloaded videos, roughly 5.0 MB could be removed from the page load.

This would reduce the page transfer size by 56% and reduce the pages emissions from 2.07 grams of CO2 to 0.92 grams of CO2.

Autoplaying videos can have a negative impact on the user experience for several reasons:

1. Increased data usage: Autoplaying videos can consume a lot of data, especially if they are set to play in high definition. This can be a problem for users with limited data plans or slow connections, who may experience slow or interrupted playback.
2. Annoyance factor: Autoplaying videos can be annoying for users, especially if they are accompanied by sound. This can lead to a negative perception of the website and decreased engagement.
3. Reduced accessibility: Autoplaying videos can be a problem for users with accessibility needs, such as users who are blind or have hearing difficulties.
4. Increased page load time: Autoplaying videos can increase the overall page load time, leading to a slower user experience.
5. Decreased battery life: Autoplaying videos can consume a lot of battery power, especially on mobile devices, leading to reduced battery life.

In order to minimise the impact of autoplaying videos on the user experience, it is recommended to use them sparingly and only when necessary. It is also important to provide users with the option to turn off autoplaying videos and to allow them to control the playback of videos on the page. Additionally, videos should be optimised for performance and should be accompanied by captions or transcripts to improve accessibility.

By enabling text compression on 1 items, , roughly 18.7 KB could be removed from the page load.

By optimising the following images, roughly 394 KB could be removed from the transfer size, about 4%. This would reduce the CO2 generated per page load from 2.07g grams to 1.98 grams.

Images should be optimised for the web for several reasons:

1. Reduced file size: Optimizing images can result in a smaller file size, which can help to reduce the amount of data that needs to be downloaded. This can lead to faster page load times and improved performance.
2. Improved user experience: Optimising images can help to improve the overall user experience, as pages with optimised images load faster and are more responsive.
3. Lower emissions: Optimising images can help to reduce the emissions associated with data transfer, as less data needs to be transmitted over the network.
4. Better accessibility: Optimising images can make them more accessible to users with slower connections or limited data plans.

Font icons can have a negative impact on performance and emissions because they can increase the size of the page and the amount of data that needs to be downloaded. Some specific reasons why font icons can be bad for performance and emissions include:

1. Increased file size: Font icons are typically included as part of a web font, which can be a large file that needs to be downloaded. This can increase the overall size of the page, leading to slower load times and higher emissions.
2. Inefficient rendering: Web fonts are sometimes loaded and rendered inefficiently, which can result in slow performance and higher emissions.
3. Unused icons: Font icons often include a large number of icons that may not be used on a particular page, increasing the file size and leading to inefficient use of resources.

While icon fonts are still widely used on the web, and they can be a useful tool for adding icons to a website. it is a dated practice when there are better options such as SVG icons, which can be more efficient and have a lower impact on performance and emissions.

Fonts should be subsetted to reduce the file size, improve performance, and reduce emissions. Subsetting a font involves removing any characters that are not needed for a particular use case, resulting in a smaller file size and faster page load times. Some specific reasons why fonts should be subsetted include:

1. Reduced file size: Subsetting a font removes any unused characters, which can result in a smaller file size. This can help to reduce the amount of data that needs to be downloaded, leading to faster page load times and lower emissions.
2. Improved performance: Fonts that are subsetted are faster to load and render than fonts that are not subsetted. This can help to improve the overall performance of a website, leading to a better user experience.

Overall, subsetting fonts is a good practice for anyone looking to optimize the performance and reduce the emissions of a website of a website.

WOFF2 is considered to be the best font format for web use because it provides a good balance of file size and compatibility. Some specific reasons why WOFF2 is a good font format include:

1. Small file size: WOFF2 is a compressed font format, which means that it has a smaller file size compared to other font formats like TTF or OTF. This is important for web use because smaller file sizes can help to reduce the amount of data that needs to be downloaded, leading to faster page load times.
2. High-quality font rendering: WOFF2 provides high-quality font rendering, making it a good choice for use on the web.

It’s worth noting that WOFF2 is not the only font format that can be used on the web, and there may be cases where other formats like WOFF or TTF are more suitable, depending on the specific requirements of the website. However, for most cases, WOFF2 is considered to be the best font format for web use due to its combination of small file size, good browser support, and high-quality font rendering.

HTTP security headers are special HTTP headers that can be added to a website’s response to help improve its security. They are important because they can help to protect a website and its users from various security threats, such as cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks, cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks, and other types of malicious activity.

It’s important to note, however, that implementing HTTP security headers is just one aspect of a comprehensive security strategy, and that other measures, such as regular software updates, secure coding practices, and regular security audits, are also important for maintaining a secure website.

It's important to note, however, that implementing HTTP security headers is just one aspect of a comprehensive security strategy, and that other measures, such as regular software updates, secure coding practices, and regular security audits, are also important for maintaining a secure website.